From 1952 onwards, China invested money one after another, wanting to solve the problem of cotton harvesting, the direction still called the Soviet Union at the time of the national model, this period, China wanted to build the Soviet Union's cotton mechanization model of the whole process, the introduction of vertical picking spindle type of cotton picking machine for experimentation. The advantages of this type of cotton picker are many, mainly picking parts of the structure is simple, with low production and manufacturing requirements. However, the disadvantages are also very obvious, picking low net rate, high rate of impurities, hitting the falling cotton, and too much loss. Representative models are XBH-1.2 type 2 rows of cotton pickers and XC-15 type 4 rows of cotton pickers.
In the process of testing in our country, it was found that the disadvantages were too obvious and unsuitable for the national conditions, and therefore it failed to be popularised. Until around 1990, our country had completely abandoned the vertical spindle-picking technology route. The above-said cotton picker by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers was a great invention, in fact, in the U.S. mainland evaluation of the U.S. companies of the U.S. products, that is, Case got the honour. As a result, China's cotton picker products and technology introduction will also focus on the United States. Starting in 1992, China began to try to introduce the United States Case Company's 2022 2-row cotton picker which has been tested in several areas.
The U.S. Case Company cotton picker is a horizontal picking spindle mode, picking components with complex structures and high manufacturing requirements. But the benefits of picking a high net rate, the impurity rate is also very low, the most critical is the picking head impact loss of cotton is also very small, and the overall loss rate is very low. After several rounds of testing, experts agreed that this cotton picker is suitable for China's national conditions, and decided to introduce the use of cotton picker officially opening the history of China's bulk use of cotton picker.
The Beginning Stage: Pioneering R&D at the Agricultural Machinery Institute
Due to the existence of a large number of cotton pickers in China, the past cotton picking are manually based, the high price of cotton picking machine is really daunting, so China began to invest energy, dedicated to the research and development of domestically produced cotton picking machine. During this period, Xinjiang cotton area because of financial advantages, has introduced a number of U.S. products. But the local cotton picker is mainly an investment operation, the requirements of two or three years back to the capital, but also subject to the quality of cotton picking and picking the net rate of the impact of imported cotton picker sales and not much.
The year 2002 was a landmark year, which deserves to be strongly written in the history of cotton pickers. This year, as China's top R & D institutions in the field of agricultural machinery, the joint development of 5 rows of self-propelled cotton picker. From then on, China started the history of R&D and production of cotton pickers. The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Machinery technicians to digest the technology, Guizhou Pingshui experimental trial production, and finally in Shihezi to establish a production base, that is, the cotton picker industry famous Guihang, production and manufacturing Guihang brand 5 rows of cotton picker. Put into production, Guihang cotton picker once sold, forcing imported products to have to reduce prices.
At that time, with the same 5 rows of products, Guihang sales price was less than half of the imports, the highest year had reached 92 units of sales, not only in the local sales, Xinjiang cotton area also carried out a large number of market placement. According to incomplete statistics, and then Guihang 5 rows of cotton picker cumulative sales of nearly 700 units, many products are still in use. And imported 5 rows of new cotton picker, now the selling price has been seriously reduced, it is said that some places have been reduced to about 2 million yuan. Visible, the domestic cotton picker's contribution to the market, far more than sales possession of the market so simple, forcing foreign price cuts, for the purchase of the user to save money, also counted as a contribution is not small.
Development Step: further iteration and updating of technology
From 2008 to 2015 around, the China Agricultural Machinery Academy research and development, Shihezi Guihang's production of 4MZ-5 type self-propelled cotton picker, opened up China's cotton picker to promote the application of the precedent. Among them, in 2012, China's cotton picker research and development into a small climax, that year the China Agricultural Machinery Academy, Guizhou Pingshui Company, and Shanghai Jiaotong University jointly developed 4MZ-5A type intelligent cotton picker came out.
The machine has automatic rows, online yield measurement, and automatic control of operating speed and other characteristics, which can even be called China's intelligent agricultural machinery pioneering products. China's cotton picker really ushered in the possibility of an outbreak of products, in 3 rows of machines. 2010, China Agricultural Machinery Institute and Guizhou Pingshui Company, jointly developed China's first fully independent intellectual property rights of the 4MZ-3 type of cotton picker, to fill the international blank. 2013, China Agricultural Machinery Institute of the company's modern agricultural equipment, which agricultural brand 3 rows of cotton pickers were the first to put into the market, and since then, several domestic enterprises have also Entered the cotton picker industry.
In 2014, the Xinjiang BoShiRan;
In 2015, Changzhou Zhenggong;
In 2017, Changzhou Dongfeng;
In 2018, Jinan TianE.
Cotton picker 3-row model family, almost every year a brand in the entry. But it is more worth mentioning that in 2013, the China Agricultural Machinery Institute developed a square bale type 6 rows of cotton picker, which opened the prelude to the development of China's 6 rows of cotton picker. In 2017, the China Agricultural Machinery Institute developed the cotton box type 6 rows of cotton picking machine, Bo Shi Ran, Dongfeng, Tiejian Heavy Industry successively also developed the cotton box type 6 rows of cotton picking machine.
Conclusion
From its development history can be seen, China Agricultural Machinery Institute is China's cotton picker R & D and production of the founder, the leader. China Agricultural Machinery brand, but also a symbol of cotton picker. From 5 rows to 3 rows, from the square bale to the cotton box, it is said that the recent China Agricultural Machinery 6 rows of round bale products have been doing reliability tests, perhaps leading a new domestic direction. With the changes in the market, the type of cotton picker will continue to change, and new models continue to come out, but almost all domestic routes, are the China Agricultural Machinery Institute in the lead, in the agricultural machinery on behalf of China's cotton picker, deservedly.
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